Back Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya AN اليسار الجمهوري لكتالونيا Arabic ايسكيرا ريبوپليكانا ARZ Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya AST Левая рэспубліканская партыя Каталоніі Byelorussian Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya Breton Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya Catalan Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya Welsh Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya German Ρεπουμπλικανική Αριστερά της Καταλονίας Greek

Republican Left of Catalonia

Republican Left of Catalonia
Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya
AbbreviationERC
PresidentOriol Junqueras
Secretary-GeneralMarta Rovira
National CoordinatorPere Aragonès
Founded19 March 1931
Merger ofEstat Català
Catalan Republican Party
L'Opinió
HeadquartersC/Calàbria, 166
08015 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Youth wingRepublican Youth
Membership (2022)9,047
Ideology
Political positionCentre-left[16][17][18][19] to left-wing[20][21][22]
National affiliationCoalition for the Europe of the Peoples (1987–1989)
For the Europe of the Peoples (1989) (1989–1994)
For the Europe of the Peoples (1994) (1994–1999)
CN-EP (1999–2004)
Europe of the Peoples (2004–2009)
EdP-V (2009–2014)
EPDD (2014–2019)
Ahora Repúblicas (since 2019)
Left for Independence (since 2023)
European affiliationEuropean Free Alliance
European Parliament groupGreens–European Free Alliance
Colours  Orange
Congress of Deputies (Catalan seats)
7 / 47
Spanish Senate (Catalan seats)
6 / 23
European Parliament
2 / 59
Parliament of Catalonia
33 / 135
Parliament of the Balearic Islands
0 / 59
Mayors in Catalonia[23]
359 / 947
Town councillors in Catalonia
3,109 / 9,077
Town councillors in the Balearic Islands
16 / 925
Website
www.esquerra.cat

The Republican Left of Catalonia (Catalan: Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, ERC; IPA: [əsˈkɛrə rəpubːliˈkanə ðə kətəˈluɲə]; generically branded as Esquerra Republicana)[24] is a pro-Catalan independence, social-democratic political party in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, with a presence also in Valencia, the Balearic Islands and the French department of Pyrénées-Orientales (Northern Catalonia).[25][26] It is also the main sponsor of the independence movement from France and Spain in the territories known as Catalan Countries, focusing in recent years on the creation of a Catalan Republic in Catalonia proper. Its current president is Oriol Junqueras and its secretary-general is Marta Rovira.[27] The party is a member of the European Free Alliance.

ERC, a party of relevant Catalan politicians including Francesc Macià, Lluís Companys and Josep Tarradellas, played an important role in Catalan and Spanish politics during the Second Republic, the Civil War, the anti-Francoist resistance and the transition to democracy. Recovering a key position during the 2000s, it became a coalition partner in various Catalan governments, obtaining in 2021 the presidency of Catalonia for the first time since 1980 after the appointment of Pere Aragonès as President of the Generalitat. In 2022, it had 9,047 members.[28]

  1. ^ Guibernau, Montserrat (2004), Catalan Nationalism: Francoism, transition and democracy, Routledge, p. 82
  2. ^ a b Hargreaves, John (2000), Freedom for Catalonia?: Catalan Nationalism, Spanish Identity and the Barcelona Olympic Games, Cambridge University Press, p. 84
  3. ^ a b The ERC is widely described as pro-independence:
    • Buffery, Helena; Marcer, Elisenda (2011), Historical Dictionary of the Catalans, Scarecrow Press, p. 198
    • Paluzie, Elisenda (2010), "The costs and benefits of staying together: the Catalan case in Spain", The Political Economy of Inter-Regional Fiscal Flows: Measurement, Determinants and Effects on Country Stability, Edward Elgar Publishing, p. 367
    • Hooghe, Liesbet; Marks, Gary; Schakel, Arjan H. (2010), The Rise of Regional Authority: A Comparative Study of 42 Democracies, Routledge, p. 194
    • Schrijver, Frans (2006), Regionalism After Regionalisation: Spain, France and the United Kingdom, Vossiuspers, Amsterdam University Press, p. 112
    • McLaren, Lauren M. (2008), Constructing Democracy in Southern Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Italy, Spain, and Turkey, Routledge, p. 184
    • Roller, Elisa (2004), "Conflict and Cooperation in EU Policy-Making: The Case of Catalonia", The EU and Territorial Politics Within Member States: Conflict Or Co-Operation?, Brill, p. 80
  4. ^ Conversi, Daniele; Friis Hau, Mark (8 April 2021). "Green nationalism. Climate action and environmentalism in left nationalist parties". Environmental Politics. 30 (7): 1089–1110. doi:10.1080/09644016.2021.1907096. S2CID 234853239. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  5. ^ Alonso, Sonia (2012), Challenging the State: Devolution and the Battle for Partisan Credibility, Oxford University Press, p. 77
  6. ^ Ramiro, Luis; Morales, Laura (2007), "European integration and Spanish parties: Elite empowerment amidst limited adaptation", The Europeanization of National Political Parties: Power and organizational adaptation, Routledge, p. 146
  7. ^ Moreno, Luis; Colino, César (2010), "Kingdom of Spain", Diversity and Unity in Federal Countries, McGill-Queen's University Press, p. 299
  8. ^ "ERC diferencia el seu republicanisme del del PDC". El Món. 11 July 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  9. ^ "PONÈNCIA POLÍTICA 27è Congrés Nacional" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  10. ^ Guibernau, Montserrat (2004), Catalan Nationalism: Francoism, transition and democracy, Routledge, p. 82
  11. ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2021). "Catalonia/Spain". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  12. ^ Canal 2018, p. 85 "Convivían en su seno desde tendencias obreristas hasta el filofascismo declarado de Josep Dencàs, conformando una opción catch-all tan atractiva como difícil de mantener al margen de riñas y escisiones internas"
  13. ^ Tardà i Coma, Joan (3 October 2018), "Si ofrecieran un buen Estatuto de Autonomía confederal es posible que muchos independentistas lo votaran"
  14. ^ Tardà i Coma, Joan (8 March 2019), "La mejor manera de desactivar al adversario es más república y menos estelada"
  15. ^ Rufián Romero, Gabriel, 4-6-19 GABRIEL RUFIAN: Yo no soy nacionalista y tampoco independentista, archived from the original on 21 December 2021
  16. ^ Catalan trial turns into pro-independence show of force. Politico. Author - Diego Torres. Published 2 February 2017. Updated 9 February 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  17. ^ Catalan separatists projected to win snap election. Al Jazeera. Published 21 December 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
  18. ^ "Spain election: Socialists win amid far-right breakthrough". BBC News. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  19. ^ Stothard, Michael (11 December 2017). "Catalan separatist focuses on fairer society over independence". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  20. ^ "Catalan separatists projected to win majority in regional polls". Al Jazeera. 14 February 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2022. The opinion poll showed that the two main rival separatist parties – the left-wing Republican Left of Catalonia (Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, ERC) and the centre-right Together for Catalonia (Junts per Catalunya) would get 36-38 and 30-33 seats, respectively, in the 135-seat assembly.
  21. ^ Stone, Jon (20 September 2017). "Spanish police storm Catalan government buildings to stop independence referendum". The Independent. Retrieved 3 September 2022. Catalonia's provincial government is a broad church of separatist parties from the left and right, ranging from the left-wing Republican Left of Catalonia to the centre-right Democratic Convergence of Catalonia.
  22. ^ Parker, Jonathan (2022). "Europe's Secessionist Movements and Covid-19". Nationalities Papers. 50. Cambridge University Press: 118–129. doi:10.1017/nps.2020.103. S2CID 233589244. Retrieved 3 September 2022. The other party in the Catalan government, the left-wing Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC), indulged in Torra's strongest lines of attack to a certain extent, but their attitude throughout has been rather more conciliatory.
  23. ^ Esquerra aconsegueix 359 alcaldies amb Lleida i Tarragona al capdavant. ERC.cat, 2019
  24. ^ "Estatuts d'Esquerra Republicana" (PDF) (in Catalan). Retrieved 12 January 2019. El partit assumeix com a marca genèrica Esquerra Republicana
  25. ^ Jaume Renyer Alimbau, ERC: temps de transició. Per una esquerra forta, renovadora i plural (Barcelona: Cossetània, 2008).
  26. ^ "ERC pide independizar Cataluña con Valencia, Baleares y parte de Aragón". Diario ABC (in Spanish). 14 July 2014. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
  27. ^ "Qui som". esquerra.cat. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  28. ^ "Temor en ERC: Sangría de militantes desde que Aragonès es presidente - Economía Digital". July 2022.

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